What is the ATP synthase enzyme?
ATP synthase is the enzyme that makes ATP molecules. It is a multi-part complex that straddles the inner membrane of mitochondria, the energy factories in cells. The enzyme complex interacts with fatty molecules in the mitochondrial inner membrane, creating a curvature that is required to produce ATP more efficiently.
How many subunits are in ATP synthase?
The ATP synthase, also called Complex V, has two major subunits designated F0 and F1. The F0 part, bound to inner mitochondrial membrane is involved in proton translocation, whereas the F1 part found in the mitochondrial matrix is the water soluble catalytic domain.
What are the two components of ATPase complex?
The two components of ATPase complex of CF0 (coupling factor0) and CF1 (coupling factor1). CF0 is embedded in the thylakoid membrane where it forms a transmembrane channel that facilitates diffusion of protons across the membrane.
How is ATP synthase made?
ATP Synthase Definition ATP synthase forms ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate (Pi) through oxidative phosphorylation, which is a process in which enzymes oxidize nutrients to form ATP. ATP synthase is found in all lifeforms and powers all cellular activities.
Where are ATP synthase enzymes located?
mitochondria
ATP synthase is located in the membrane of cellular structures called mitochondria; in plant cells, the enzyme also is found in chloroplasts.
Where is ATP synthase made?
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. The F1Fo-ATP synthase of the mitochondrial inner membrane produces the bulk of cellular ATP. The respiratory chain complexes pump protons across the inner membrane into the intermembrane space and thereby generate a proton-motive force that drives the ATP synthase.
What part of ATP synthase rotates?
The Fo rotor spins in response to proton (H+) flow down a concentration gradient across the membrane. This rotation causes the central stalk (axle) to rotate, altering the conformation of components of the F1 base, driving the synthesis of ATP.
Where is ATP synthase located in chloroplast?
thylakoid membrane
The chloroplast adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase is located in the thylakoid membrane and synthesizes ATP from adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate at the expense of the electrochemical proton gradient formed by light-dependent electron flow.