What are the four stages of typhoid fever?
The classic presentation is fever, malaise, diffuse abdominal pain, and constipation. Untreated typhoid fever may progress to delirium, obtundation, intestinal hemorrhage, bowel perforation, and death within 1 month of onset. Survivors may be left with long-term or permanent neuropsychiatric complications.
What is the starting stage of typhoid?
In early stages of the disease, symptoms include: abdominal pain, fever, and a general feeling of being unwell. These initial symptoms are similar to other illnesses. As typhoid fever gets worse, symptoms often include: High fever of up to 104 degrees Fahrenheit.
What is the difference between typhoid fever and enteric fever?
Enteric fever is a systemic illness characterized by fever, abdominal pain, and non-specific symptoms including nausea, vomiting, headache, and anorexia. When enteric fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, it is known as typhoid fever and when due to S.
Are there different types of fevers?
What is a fever? The 5 types of fever are intermittent, remittent, continuous or sustained, hectic, and relapsing. A fever is a physiological problem when your body temperature is above the normal range. An elevated body temperature usually accompanies an underlying condition.
What is the test for typhoid?
Typhidot (or Widal Test) is a rapid serological test for the diagnosis of typhoid fever. Typhidot test is a dot ELISA kit that detects IgM and IgG antibodies against the outer membrane protein (OMP) of the Salmonella typhi.
What are the three types of fever?
Three major fever types have been described including sustained/continuous fever, intermittent fever and remittent fever [31], [38].
What is a step ladder fever?
One of the characteristic symptoms of typhoid is a step ladder fever . This means that the fever fluctuates between very high and low temperatures for a short period of time, till it peaks at 103 0 F 104 0 F. In patients without any complications the condition subsides in about three to four weeks after its onset.
What is a high fever for a 12 month old?
Is 3 to 12 months old and has a fever of 102.2°F (39°C) or higher. Is under age 2 and has a fever that lasts longer than 48 hours. Has a fever over 105°F (40.5°C), unless the fever comes down readily with treatment and the child is comfortable. Has had fevers come and go for up to a week or more, even if they are not very high.
How to determine risk in infants with fever of unknown etiology?
The Step-by-Step Approach for Determining Risk in Infants with Fever of Unknown Etiology Criteria* Setting Ill-appearing† Initial examination by the physician Age ≤ 21 days Initial history by the physician Dipstick urinalysis positive for leukocyte esterase Point-of-care test Procalcitonin ≥ 0.5 ng per mL Laboratory test
What is the diagnostic evaluation for febrile fever in children?
For febrile children older than 28 days but younger than three months, diagnostic evaluation should include a thorough history, physical examination, and urinalysis. Lumbar puncture may be considered but is not suggested for all infants in this age range.8
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