How do you write a raft essay?
How to use RAFTDisplay a completed RAFT example on the overhead.Describe each of these using simple examples: role, audience, format, and topic. Model how to write responses to the prompts, and discuss the key elements as a class. Have students practice responding to prompts individually, or in small groups.
What is a raft in writing?
The RAFT (Role, Audience, Format, Topic) writing strategy, developed by Santa, Havens, and Valdes [1], helps students understand their role as a writer and communicate their ideas clearly by developing a sense of audience and purpose in their writing.
What is the raft technique?
The RAFTs Technique (Santa, 1988) is a system to help students understand their role as a writer, the audience they will address, the varied formats for writing, and the expected content. It is an acronym that stands for: Role of the Writer Who are you as the writer? Are you Sir John A.
What is raft footing?
Raft foundations (sometimes referred to as raft footings or mat foundations) are formed by reinforced concrete slabs of uniform thickness (typically 150 mm to 300 mm) that cover a wide area, often the entire footprint of a building.
What are the advantages of raft foundation?
Raft foundations tend to be cheaper and quicker to use than traditional footings. There are a number of reasons why this is the case: The foundation and floor slab is combined, which saves time and materials. Less excavation is required.
How deep should raft foundations be?
There are certain requirements that need to be considered during the of raft foundation in order to produce adequate design such as minimum depth of 50cm, required excavation depth of approximately 2.5m, and rebar cover of 50mm.
When would you use raft foundations?
A raft foundation is often used when the soil is weak, as it distributes the weight of the building over the entire area of the building, and not over smaller zones (like individual footings) or at individual points (like pile foundations). This reduces the stress on the soil.
How do you build a raft?
Building a RaftGet four large pieces of bamboo. Place the longer pieces in the bottom, then the shorter ones on top to form a square.The long pieces will extend from each side by 4 feet and act as stabilizing pontoons.Lash together everything together tightly with rope or vine.
Can you build on edge of foundation?
If you wanted to build right upto the edge, provided the foundations of this wall are as deep as yours will be, then the wall itself would provide support against your wall overturning. So your foundation would only need have a slight increase in size for you to be able to build on the edge.
What are the 3 types of foundations?
But chances are your house has (or will have) one of these three foundations: full basement, crawlspace, or slab-on-grade. Other variations are possible. Here are the three main types of house foundations that you will encounter in residential construction.
What is the minimum depth of foundation?
1.50m
How do I know my foundation depth?
General factors to be considered for determining depth of foundation are:Load applied from structure to the foundation.Bearing capacity of soil.Depth of water level below the ground surface.Types of soil and depth of layers in case of layered soil.Depth of adjacent foundation.
How do you determine your foundation size?
How to Calculate Footing SizeDetermine the width and length of the cement slab in inches.Divide the width by 12 to convert it to feet. Divide the length by 12 to convert it to feet. Determine the depth or thickness that is required for the footing in inches. Multiply the width by the length and then by the depth.
How deep do single storey foundations need to be?
For a single storey building strip foundations will typically be 450mm wide and at least 200mm deep, and for two storeys 600mm wide and 200mm deep.
How deep is the foundation of a 3 story building?
Foundation walls for two (2) story buildings under 25′ 0″ in height shall be a minimum of ten inches (10″) in thickness, measured horizontally, through a cross-section of the foundation. Foundation walls for three (3) story buildings over 25′ 0″ in height shall be a minimum of twelve inches (12″) in thickness.
What is minimum footing size?
As you can see, heavy houses on weak soil need footings 2 feet wide or more. But the lightest buildings on the strongest soil require footings as narrow as 7 or 8 inches. Under an 8-inch-thick wall, that’s the same as saying you have no footing.
How deep is a normal house foundation?
Depth: Footings should extend to a minimum depth of 12 inches below previously undisturbed soil. Footings also must extend at least 12 inches below the frost line (the depth to which the ground freezes in winter) or must be frost-protected. Width: Footings should have a minimum width of 12 inches.
How many floors can be built without pillars?
3 floors
Can I build a brick wall on a concrete slab?
Yes it would be possible to build a brick wall on the concrete slab depending on the depth of the slab and the height of your intended wall. the slab could be tested before any building took place for added peace of mind.
How many pillars does a house have?
If you provide heavy designed columns and beams to the structure then Number of columns can be less. In your case : in 860 sq ft you have to provide atleast 9 columns to enhance stability in house. 3 columns in each row . Sadly, there is no fixed thumb rule for that.