Which place in Kerala was affected by endosulfan?
The village of Kasaragod in Kerala, India, experienced sustained exposure to endosulfan as a result of 20 years of aerial spraying of a nearby cashew nut plantation. Endosulfan was the only pesticide used.
Is endosulfan banned in Kerala?
Endosulfan was banned in Kerala in 2005 after the Centre issued a gazette notification withholding the use of endosulfan in the state, on the basis of reports of the National Institute of Occupational Health and other committees.
Do people still use endosulfan in your area?
The use of endosulfan became controversial because of its acute toxicity, potential for bioaccumulation, and role as an endocrine disruptor. It was banned by the Stockholm Convention in 2011 because of its threats to human health and the environment. It is still used in India, China, and a few other countries.
What is endosulfan issue in Kerala?
Endosulfan is a pesticide developed in 1954. People extensively used it in farming with high consumption in the 1980s and 1990s. Later, it was highly toxic to human health and the environment. It poisoned entire populations of useful and necessary insects.
Who sprayed endosulfan in Kerala?
Why the agitation? People living in more than 20 gram panchayats in Kasargod district were exposed to the insecticide endosulfan – a highly potent neurotoxin – between 1975 and 2000, when the public sector Plantation Corporation of Kerala sprayed the chemical aerially on its 12,000-acre cashew estates.
What are the effects of endosulfan?
People exposed to high levels of endosulfan, either intentionally or in contaminated food, or who were exposed during spraying fields, suffered tremors and seizures and some died. The same types of effects have been observed in animals exposed briefly to high levels of endosulfan.
Why is endosulfan banned?
In India, it is banned only in Kerala and Karnataka following health impacts in Kasaragod and Dakshin Kannada districts where endosulfan was aerially sprayed on cashew plantations for over 20 years. Activists and political leaders have welcomed India’s decision at the convention.
What are the environmental effects of endosulfan?
The environmental risk assessment suggests that exposure to endosulfan could result in both acute and chronic risks of concern for terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Exposure to endosulfan has resulted in both reproductive and development effects in nontarget animals, particularly birds, fish and mammals.
When was endosulfan spraying stopped?
Because of its threats to human health and the environment, a global ban on the manufacture and use of endosulfan was negotiated under the Stockholm Convention in April 2011. The ban has taken effect in mid-2012, with certain uses exempted for five additional years.
Which states use endosulfan government?
But of late, Muthalamada panchayat in Kerala’s Palakkad district has gained notoriety for excessive use of endosulfan in its mango orchards. Its effect is showing on people living there.
Is endosulfan banned in India 2021?
In India, it is banned only in Kerala and Karnataka following health impacts in Kasaragod and Dakshin Kannada districts where endosulfan was aerially sprayed on cashew plantations for over 20 years.
Is endosulfan pesticide is banned in India?
2011: The Supreme Court of India banned manufacture, sale, and use of toxic pesticide endosulfan in India.
What happened to endosulfan in Kerala?
DISASTER OF ENDOSULFAN IN KASARGOD AND KANNUR. Between 1976 and 2000, more than 50,000 villagers of Kasargod district in Kerala, India have been exposed to endosulfan, a persistent organic pesticide, sprayed on the cashew plantations owned by the Plantation Corporation of Kerala.
What is the impact of endosulfan on people in Kasaragod?
The numbers of people affected by nearly 20 years of aerial spray of Endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, in the cashew plantations in Kasaragod, the northern most district of Kerala is increasing. While the focus earlier was on Padre village, the health impacts are evident in people of nearly 11 panchayats in the district.
Is endosulfan a persistent organic pesticide in India?
Between 1976 and 2000, more than 50,000 villagers of Kasargod district in Kerala, India have been exposed to endosulfan, a persistent organic pesticide, sprayed on the cashew plantations owned by the Plantation Corporation of Kerala.
Where is endosulfan being sprayed in Karnataka?
Down To Earth also traveled to Dakshin Kanada where the Karnataka Cashew Development Corporation (KCDC) sprayed endosulfan over the cashew plantations in the district and the situation was similar to that of Kasaragod. Stories bringing out the plight of the victims were published in the fortnightly and received huge response.