What is the FAD2 gene?
FAD2-2 is the major gene responsible for the synthesis of linoleic acid (Hernández et al., 2009). FAD2-3 and FAD2-4 synthesize mostly polyunsaturated fatty acids almost in all the tissues.
What do desaturase enzymes do?
A fatty acid desaturase is an enzyme that removes two hydrogen atoms from a fatty acid, creating a carbon/carbon double bond.
What are Elongases and Desaturases?
In mammalian cells, elongases and desaturases play critical roles in regulating the length and degree of unsaturation of fatty acids and thereby their functions and metabolic fates.
What is linoleic acid good for?
Instead, linoleic acid itself plays a special role in support of heart health. Randomized clinical trials have shown that replacing saturated fat with linoleic acid reduces total and LDL cholesterol. There is also some evidence that linoleic acid improves insulin sensitivity and blood pressure.
What omega is linoleic acid?
omega-6 fatty
Most omega-6 fatty acids in the diet come from vegetable oils, such as linoleic acid (LA), not to be confused with alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which is an omega-3 fatty acid. Linoleic acid is converted to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) in the body. It can then break down further to arachidonic acid (AA).
What is the role of Elongases Why are they necessary?
What does desaturation mean?
Drops in blood oxygen level are called desaturations. Desaturations can occur due to illnesses (like lung disease) while you are awake, but they are even more likely to occur while you are asleep. Sleep apnea is the most common cause of oxygen desaturation during sleep.
What is Arabidopsis FAD2 used for?
“Arabidopsis fatty acid desaturase FAD2 is required for salt tolerance during seed germination and early seedling growth.” Cited for: FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION BY OSMOTIC STRESS, MUTAGENESIS OF ALA-104. “Catalytic plasticity of fatty acid modification enzymes underlying chemical diversity of plant lipids.”
Which enzyme is responsible for fatty acid desaturation in Arabidopsis?
The major enzyme responsible for the synthesis of these compounds is the plant oleate desaturase of the endoplasmic reticulum, and its activity is controlled in Arabidopsis by the fatty acid desaturation 2 (fad2) locus. A fad2 allele was identified in a population of Arabidopsis in which mutations had been created by T-DNA insertions.
Is fad8 expressed in Arabidopsis?
In Arabidopsis thaliana, expression of FAD8 was strongly inducible by low temperature [2]. In tomato, expression of LeFAD7, was inducible by chilling stress (4°C), but inhibited by high temperature (45°C) in leaves [3].
What is the function of FAD2 and fad6?
Fatty acid desaturase-2 (FAD2) of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and fatty acid desaturase-6 (FAD6) of the plastids encode two ω-6 desaturases that convert oleic acid (18∶1) to linoleic acid (18∶2) by inserting a double bond at the ω-6 position.